Internal organs of the human body are protected by a single layer of compacted cells called mesothelium. The serous cavities of our body are lined by this layer. While coming into contact with asbestos, particles of mesothelioma asbestos gets deposited in the cell of this layer, thereby turning it cancerous. This slowly affects the adjoining organs hampering their functions and resulting in death. About 90% of all mesothelioma cases happen due to asbestos exposure alone.

Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that is put to extensive industrial use. Its flexible but strong fibers can be converted into thin threads. It is widely used in making cement, roof shingles, textiles, insulation etc. During the manufacturing period, thin fibers float in the air and get inhaled or swallowed and many of these particles reach the mesothelium. The fibers of this material have the capability to change the functions of macrophages and thereby create suitable conditions for mesothelioma development. Mesothelioma asbestos retards the functioning of our immune system by deactivating tumor suppressor genes and activating oncogenes, proto-oncogenes, error prone DNA repair enzymes and telomerase and prevents apoptosis.

Risks of contracting mesothelioma are common among those who are staying near asbestos mines. Increased risks are there for the workers of factories and workshops where asbestos is used. The risk factor can be significantly decreased by wearing protective gear while handling asbestos.

Even family members of the workers are not spared. They may also fall victims to the cancer through the particles carried by the worker’s hair and clothes. In order to avoid this, workers should go home after a bath and changing clothes. Some construction materials, especially the ones used for insulation contain asbestos, which can put the lives of the residents in jeopardy.

Mesothelioma symptoms start showing only many years after exposure to asbestos particles. By then the situation turns irretrievable in many cases. But proper and prompt diagnosis coupled with meticulous treatment measures has prolonged the lifespan of many people around us. Surgery, medication, radiation and some modern therapies like gene therapy are partially effective in the fight against this alarming malaise. But the best way is to avoid coming into contact with mesothelioma asbestos or using protective gadgets while handling the compound.

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